Blog Archives

 Zheng He’s 1408 Master Chart of the World (refer to part II) In 1403, the Emperor Zhu Di despatched Zheng He to the west to collect all available astronomical, land and sea charts. In 1405 he returned to Zaiton and …
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How the Map was drawn – the ingredients The map was drawn between 1408 – 1410, before Portuguese caravels set sail, before the Azores were discovered, 80 years before the shape of Africa was known to Europeans. It was in …
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The Importance of the Map (i) The Structure of the Map  The map is centred upon Ulugh Begh’s great observatory south of Samarkand. (Ulugh Begh was Tamburlaine’s grandson – The Chinese Emperor sent diplomatic missions to Ulugh Begh’s court in …
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Provenance of Albertin de Virga’s Map The map was discovered in a second hand bookshop in 1911 in Srbrenica, a Bosnian town near Dubrovnik. Mr. Albert Figdor, a map collector who discovered it, took it to the Austrian State University …
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The Eastern Hemisphere – Albertin de Virga’s Map Antonio Galvao (‘1421’ – chapter 4) “ … It was told me by Frances de Sousa Tavares that in the yeere 1528, Dom Fernando, the king’s sonne and heire did show him …
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The Discovery of the Master Charts of the World Legend has it that the brave and skilful Prince Henry the Navigator set up a base in Sagres SW Portugal in 1419/20. There he trained sea captains and pushed them across …
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The Europeans set sail with accurate maps that showed their destinations Accounts of first European explorers to reach land it is claimed they discovered • Columbus’ “discovery” of the Americas: Letter from Toscanelli to Columbus. “. . . I notice …
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The whole world was charted by 1423 – before the European voyages of discovery started Theory   Four huge Chinese fleets circumnavigated the world between March 1421 and October 1423. The fleets comprised more than 800 vessels. These fleets charted …
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Evidence provided at the Royal Geographical Society on March 15th, 2002 This evidence, circulated separately, included charts, mediaeval documents and the evidence of Dr. Eusebio Dizon.

    Items of interest uncovered in 2009 North America Atlantic Coast After reading the French version of 1421, one of our readers recalls an article published in Le Soleil newspaper of Quebec City in 2008: http://www.cyberpresse.ca/le-soleil/200809/08/01-654581-et-si-jacques-cartier-navait-pas-ete-le-premier-europeen-a-setablir-au-quebec.php – Prof. Bernard …
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Vetting 1421 for accuracy by Chinese Institutions As well as consulting the historians mentioned in the Acknowledgements section of the book, in October, November and December 2002, the author visited Nanjing, Shanghai, Tai Cang, Kunming and Beijing and presented 100 …
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Research Methods and Equipment Deployed Note: By far the most effective search tool has been readers who have sent in emails to the 1421 team via the website – a never-ending stream of gold. Below are technical details of equipment …
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Synopsis of Evidence Exclusive Gavin Menzies would like to thank the thousands of people who have sent in new evidence after 1421 was published. As a result of your evidence, the following important discoveries have been made since his book …
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DNA Evidence of  Quechua People (Bolivia/Mato Grosso Borders) and Toba (N W Argentina, Salado River) 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title:  Polymorphic Alu Insertions and the Asian Origin of Native American Populations. (b)     Authors: Gabriel E Novick and …
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DNA Evidence of Surui People of Amazonia, Solimoes/Rio Negro Junction 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title:  Polymorphic Alu Insertions and the Asian Origin of Native American Populations. (b)     Authors: Gabriel E Novick and colleagues. 2.   Précis of the …
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DNA Evidence of Indian Peoples of Venezuela and  Colombia-Irapa, Paraujano and Macoita 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title: Transferrins in Venezuelan Indians: High Frequency of a Slow-Moving Variant. (b)     Authors: Drs Arends and Gallengo – refer to Bibliography. …
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DNA Evidence of Shawnee peoples of the Carolinas 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title:  DNA Print Genomics DNA Test of Shawnee peoples of the Carolinas (b)     Authors:  Tony Frudakis PhD, CSO DNA Print Genomics                   2.   Précis of …
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DNA Evidence of Ming Ho Peoples of W. Virginia (please refer to Appendix 19) 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title:           )                               ) Work in progress: Jerry Warsing (b)     Authors:      ) 2.   Précis of the Report’s findings       Recent DNA analysis …
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DNA Evidence of Sioux and Cree Ojibwa Peoples of America and Canada 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title:  Polymorphic Alu Insertions and the Asian Origin of Native American Populations. (b)     Authors: Gabriel E Novick and colleagues (refer to …
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DNA Evidence of Moskoke (alternative spelling Muskogee) Peoples of S E USA and N W Florida 1. Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title:  Polymorphic Alu Insertions and the Asian Origin of Native American Populations. (b)     Authors: Gabriel E Novick …
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DNA Evidence Waunana and Ngobe Peoples of Panama 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title: Polymorphic Alu Insertions and the Asian origin of Native American Populations. (b)     Authors: Gabriel E Novick and colleagues – refer to Bibliography. 2.   Précis …
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DNA Evidence Campeche and Buctzotz Maya Peoples 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)  Title:  Polymorphic Alu insertions and the Asian Origin of Native American Populations. (b)     Authors: Gabriel E Novick and colleagues 2.   Précis of the Report’s findings       …
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DNA Evidence of Mazatec People of Mexico (Olmec culture) 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title: H.L.A. Genes and the Origins of the Amerindians. (b)     Author:  Dr Felipe Vilchis 2.   Précis of the Report’s findings       “The results of …
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DNA Evidence of Navajo People and Apache people 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title: Polymorphic Alu Insertions and the Asian origin of Native American Publications (b)     Authors: Gabriel E Novick, Corina C Novick, Juan Yunis, Emilio Yunis, Pamera Antunez …
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DNA Evidence of Concow people of Chico (Sacramento River, California) 1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Title:  DNA Print Genomics DNA Test of Concow people of Chico (b)     Author:  Tony Frudakis PhD, Head of Research, CSO DNA Print Genomics. …
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DNA Evidence of Gallinomero-speaking people of Healdsburg, California 1. Principal DNA Report relied upon (a) Title: DNA Print Genomics DNA Test of Concow People (b) Author: Tony Frudakis PhD, Head of Research, CSO DNA Print Genomics. Note: Archivist of Mission …
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DNA Evidence of  Maidu, Yuki , Pima and Wintun Peoples of California   1.   Principal DNA Report relied upon (a)     Pima “Amerindian mitochondrial DNAs have rare Asian mutations at high frequencies suggesting they derived from primary maternal lineages”, Schurr TG …
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DNA Evidence of Haida and Aleut Peoples 1. Principal DNA Report relied upon (a) Title: Polymorphic Alu Insertions and the Asian Origin of Native American  Populations. (b) Authors: Gabriel E Novick and colleagues – see Bibliography. 2. Précis of the Report’s findings Close similarity …
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Descendants of Settlers from Zheng He’s fleets who remain today (c. 43 peoples) 1    Haida and Aleuts of N W Canada 2    California:       A) Pima and Wintun       B) Gallinomero-speakers of Healdsburg       C) Concows of Chico       D) …
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The Voyage of Zhou Man: The Genetic Legacy Summarised Place Genetic Fingerprints Authority Amazon Karitiana and Surui people “Close similarity between the Native Americans suggests recent gene flow from Asia.” Gabriel Novick and colleagues N. Amazon Indian peoples of Guyana …
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A summary of where Chinese sailors and concubines of Zheng He’s fleets landed in the Americas 1 Haida – via the Aleutians, then landed Queen Charlotte Islands. 2 Gallinomero of Healdsburg – Trans-Pacific, then sailed up the Klamath River. 3 Navajo of Tiguex …
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Diseases Our research has only just started with (i)   Malaria Hoeppli, Reinhard ”Parasites and Parasitic Infections in Early Medicine and Science”. University of Malaya Press, Singapore, 1959. Emphatically believes malaria was to be found in the New World before the …
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Epidemics, viruses and parasites As noted, our research has only just started with (1) Fonseca, Olympio da ‘Parasitismo e Migrações Humanas Pré-historicas’ in Estudos da Pre-historia Geral e Brasiliera – University of São Paulo, 1970. This tour de force summarises the …
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Relevance of the reports to 1421 Professor Novick’s report was the key to getting us started. Because it is clearly and concisely written it is easily understandable to a layman. Tables 1 and 2 give particularly vivid illustrations. (i) Deductions which may …
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DNA reports relied upon (i) THE VOYAGE OF HONG BAO – Indian Ocean – S. Atlantic – S America – Antarctic – Southern Oceans – Australia. R. Amazon: Novick (1), Annabel Arends, Fonseca R. Paraguay: Novick (1), Lee, Parham (24), Fonseca. …
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Synopsis of the principal DNA reports relied upon Author & Title Relevance to 1421 1 Gabriel Novick & Colleagues “Close similarity between the Chinese and native Americans suggests recent gene flow from Asia.” ‘Polymorphic Alu Insertions and the Asian Origin …
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Background to DNA Research Neither the author, Gavin Menzies, nor any of his team have medical qualifications. We have relied entirely on the generosity of many geneticists and virologists whose reports are referred to in this document. Without their painstaking …
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Zheng He – Voyage from China to North America and back again – The Genetic Legacy Place Report Relied Upon Summary of Report Link in Asia 1 Aleutians Gabriel Novick and Colleagues Alaskan natives – “Close similarities between the Chinese …
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Zhou Wen – Voyage to the Caribbean, N. America and across the Atlantic to Europe – The Genetic Legacy Place Report Relied Upon Summary of Report Link in Asia 1 Puerto Rico Mariana Fernandez Cobo and Colleagues “The two type …
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Zhou Man – Voyage across the Pacific to Australasia – The Genetic Legacy The Genetic Legacy of Zhou Man and Hong Bao’s Fleets suggests Hong Bao’s Fleet contained purely Chinese ships. He sailed from Calicut to the Caribbean thence down …
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Hong Bao and Zhou Man – Voyages to South America – The Genetic Legacy The Genetic evidence as summarised in the attachment suggest: (i) That the peoples of the Caribbean coast of North America (Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana) have “recent gene …
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The Genetic Legacy of Zheng He’s Fleets Enclosed are 56 reports by distinguished geneticists, epidimologists, virologists and specialist medical doctors. They have been grouped under 5 principle headings as evidence of:  Hong Bao and Zhou Man’s separate voyages to South …
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Bibliography Report Relevance 1 The Journals of Captain Cook (Beaglehole) and “Voyages of Discovery” John Barrow 1893 Plants and Animals found when he “discovered” New Zealand 2 Bibliography in Sorenson & Raish Plants and animals foreign to the New World …
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Results 1 Sigma 2 Sigma Material and Method Location Laboratory Test and Date 1 195 B.C. to 46 B.C. 226 B.C. to 19 A.D. (86%) Smelted Iron Lyttleton Fortified Site Rafter Radiocarbon Laboratory, 31 July, 2003 2 782-900 AD 769-983 …
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Conclusion The previous pages highlight the unexpected similarities between Roman and Chinese engineering, of particular interest to an engineer who has devoted nine years of his retirement surveying Roman engineering and navigational methods in the UK. The survey showed conclusively …
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Comparison between the Chinese and the Romans Comparison between the Chinese engineering encountered in New Zealand and the Roman Engineering encountered in Cumbria and Scotland. During my survey around the east coast of New Zealand, I was extremely surprised to …
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Survey of Fortified Barrack Blocks Site Dimensions Reference Number of Blocks + comments Reefton 40m x 20m (42d, 09’, 29S, – 171d, 47’, 29E) 3 Lyttleton 40m x 30m (43d, 38’, 28S, – 172d, 38’, 53E) 3 50m x 20m …
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Survey of wrecked Junks Site Size Position Harboured Lyttleton 47m x 11m (43d, 38’, 28S, – 172d, 38’, 53E) Yes Governor’s Bay 47m x 11m Adjacent Yes Banks Peninsula Flea Bay 47m x 11m (43d, 50’, 30S, – 173d, 57’, …
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Omarama image gallery Omarama, Otago, South Island, New Zealand Views along manmade platform for barracks & ore crusher, showing stonework & remains of river wall (river side)   Omarama, Otago, South Island, New Zealand Upper photo: View of canal leading …
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Christchurch image gallery Chinese city & protecting fort with visible ramparts. Botanic gardens, Christchurch, South Island, New Zealand   Christchurch, South Island, New Zealand, Botanic gardens. The water garden area is based on th esite of the original harbour which …
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Christchurch, South Island, New Zealand BOTANIC GARDENS. The beautiful Botanic gardens, set in the middle of Christchurch, was originally the site of a Chinese City, probably their administrative centre for South Island. The Chinese occupancy covered from c. 19 AD …
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Rakaia Huts Image Gallery RAKAIA HUTS, CHINESE FORTS. SOUTH ISLAND, NEW ZEALAND. THIS FORT CONTROLLED RAKAIA RIVER, with access to the SOUTHERN ALPS, the adjacent harbour & a 12m wide CANAL TO LAKES ELLESMERE & FORSYTH. The fort covered c. …
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Rakaia to Ellesmere Whilst Christchurch appears to have been the Chinese capital of South Island, with Akaroa the centre of the Banks Peninsula operations, Rakaia Huts appears to have been the major operation centre controlling the exploitation of the metallic …
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Katiki Beach image gallery Kaitiki Beach, Shag Point End (South of Moeraki), South Island, New Zealand 75d, 48’E, 45d, 27′, 35S Round balls c 0.5 diam. Further North on Kaitiki Beach. Land information sheet reference to Volcanic Balls Kaitiki Beach, …
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Katiki Beach KATIKI BEACH, SOUTH ISLAND, NEW ZEALAND. Katiki Beach is 10k South of Moeraki. WRECKED CHINESE JUNKS. A magnetic anomaly survey run along the beach located the outline of two Junks in the southern corner of the beach, adjacent …
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Shag Point image gallery Shag Point, South of Moeraki, South Island, New Zealand. (170d, 49′, 48E. 45d, 28′, 20S) This canal 200m long x 10m wide and 2m deep was designed to handle 10m x 4m sampans loaded with coal …
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Shag Point SOUTH ISLAND, NEW ZEALAND. Shag Point is 10k South of Moeraki. THE CHINESE COAL MINES AT SHAG POINT. ( 170d 49`, 48E. 45d, 28`, 20S ) The first recorded use of coal from this areas was by whalers …
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Waitaki River (North of OAMARU) A visit to Dunedin’s well-stocked and displayed Otago Museum supplied the information that a Moa abattoir had been discovered at the mouth of the Waitaki river. As hunter gathers tend to kill for the pot, …
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Oamaru (East Coast) During an interesting discussion on the area, a local who has lived there for over fifty years informed me that he used to hunt wild pigs locally. He commented that these pigs were far different from normal pigs, …
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Moeraki image gallery Moment of impact – the destruction of Zhou Man’s Fleet Moeraki, South Island, New Zealand, (170d, 49′, 49E, 45d, 21′, 14S) This site is 2k South of Moeraki centre. Moeraki boulders. Note debris only within boundaries of …
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Moeraki Beach, South Island, New Zealand Moment of impact – the destruction of Zhou Man’s Fleet Between Dunedin and Oamaru is one of New Zealand`s best known tourist attractions, “The Moeraki Boulders”. There are as many explanations as to the …
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Dunedin image gallery Dunedin Botanic Gardens, South Island, New Zealand Arboretum Area, Nyssa Sinensis, South side of the Fort Marks site of Chinese Ablution block, adjacent to the internal harbour.   Dunedin Botanic Gardens, South Island, New Zealand. Arboretum Area. …
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Dunedin Botanical Gardens (45d, 51`,30S, – 170d, 31`, 14E). Whilst visiting Dunedin’s beautiful Botanical Gardens and walking past the hilltop, Aboretum area, my attention was drawn to the profuse growth of what I call giant rhubarb plant. The real name …
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Otago Peninsula North of the Portabello area and immediately south of the Otakou Golf Club, a quarried rock face with a large collection of reeds on both sides of the road drew my attention. (45d, 48`, 53S – 170d, 41`,25E). …
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Dunedin Map No 144, J44, Land information 50,000 series LONG BEACH, some 14k north of DUNEDIN. (Directly north of Port Chalmers The car park area behind the sand dunes is the site of visible ramparts of a 45m x 40m …
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THE CATLINS: Porpoise Bay PORPOISE BAY. (SW of WAIKAWA.) THE CATLINS. SOUTH HEAD. (46d, 39`, 50S, – 169d,06`, 00E) There is visible evidence of the stonework of a standard walled barrack block on the headland. Near the Curio shop, west …
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HE CATLINS: Cathedral Caves Image Gallery CATHEDRAL CAVES, THE CATLINS. SOUTH ISLAND, NEW ZEALAND PETROGLYPH OF FISH INSCRIBED ON THE WEST WALL AT THE REAR OF WESTERN CAVE AT HEAD HEIGHT. THIS PETROGLYPH IS SIMILAR TO ONE OF THOSE LOCATED …
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THE CATLINS: Cathedral Caves CATHEDRAL CAVES. WAIPATI BEACH, THE CATLINS. (46d, 37`, 00S – 169d, 22`,15E) These caves, a local tourist attraction, are under the control of a Maori Trust. The cave entrances are flooded at high tide. Within the …
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THE CATLINS: Tahakopa Image Gallery TAHAKOPA BAY, PAPATOWAI, THE CATLINS, SOUTH ISLAND, NEW ZEALAND. MIRREN STREET, MARKINGS INDICATE POSITION OF 11m x 8m JUNK (Second Junk alongside) WITHIN STONE HARBOURS. OVERLOOKED BY MIRREN STREET PROPERTIES   TAHAKOPA BAY, SCENIC RESERVE, …
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THE CATLINS: Papatowai Image Gallery

The Ancient Map Code Liu Gang’s book, The Ancient Map Code, was published in China in November 2009 by Guangxi Normal University Press. It is now available in China from all good book shops or from the following link: http://www.douban.com/subject/4100966/ …
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A tale of globalisation in ancient Asia Tilman Walterfang, a German engineer, who discovered three treasure-laden shipwrecks in Indonesian waters between 1997 and 1998, is back in business. The 49-year-old is now working with investors on a $ 50 million …
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The most startling discovery from Zheng He’s treasure ship shipyards by Prof. Pan Biao and my response 1. Professor Pan Biao’s startling groundbreaking find On September 21, Zheng Zi Hai, a Zheng He descendant and a prolific writer on Zheng …
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Tai Peng Wang’s letter to the editor of the Austrialian weekend Dear Editor of Inquirer Picture yourself in the beginning of Australia’s history. Where would you be then? Text book history would place you at the beginning of European presence …
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Australia as surveyed by Zheng He fleet voyagers before 1433 -paper delivered in Brisbane, August 2006 Australia as surveyed by Zheng He fleet voyagers before 1433     Wang Tai Peng   In this Conference jointly held by the Fig …
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Tai Peng Wang’s research: Zheng He and his envoys’ visits to Cairo in 1414 and 1433 To view this paper please click here.

Tai Peng Wang’s research: 1433 – Zheng He’s delegation to the Papal Court of Florence To view Tai Peng Wang’s paper: “1433 – Zheng He’s delegation to the Papal Court of Florence” please click here

Tai Peng Wang’s Zheng He Project Report 1. Foreigners in Zheng He’s fleets (A) Foreign pilots Among the elite of the Zheng He crew, there were navigators both Chinese and foreigners. The Chinese navigators were simply called huo-chang. Foreigner navigators …
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Biography of Wang Tai Peng Wang Tai Peng, currently a columnist for the Asia-Inc bimonthly, is MA graduate in History from the Australian National University. As a business journalist since 1980s, he was working either as a staff correspondent or …
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The Piasa and the City of the Dead – Mark and Laurie Nickless The Piasa and the City of the Dead PART ONE On July 4, 2005, Laurie and I presented a paper to an academic forum in Nanjing, China, …
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Elsah, Illinois We do know that evidence shows that nearby Cahokia — home to 30,000 people, site of a great pyramid, and the greatest pre-Columbian city north of Mexico — utterly collapsed, perhaps as late as between 1400-1450 AD.37 In …
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Disease and Cahokia? Some sources have mentioned that the local Indians associated the Piasa with internal diseases. Members of our research team have speculated that this was because the Chinese explorers unwittingly introduced unfamiliar, and virulent germs. This theory is …
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Several pieces of evidence in Lewis’ painting can be found outside of the lung motif itself, in the surrounding limestone Incredibly, a complete Imperial lung motif can be superimposed upon these parts, complete with the appropriate pose with the body …
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The Lewis depiction clearly shows a creature with scales A man-like face with horns and flowing whiskers. (It is in the lower left of the depiction, where one would expect to see a lung’s face in a typical two-lung motif.) …
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Two Monsters At first glance, one is struck by the scale of the smoothed rock face that served as a “canvas” for the Piasa. It is huge, perhaps 50 feet high and 75 to 100 feet in width. Curiously, only …
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The Illustrated Mississippi Valley Perhaps, the principle reason that the Piasa has remained an enigma for centuries is that it was believed that no reliable image of it has survived. An 1825 sketch done by William Dennis, entitled Flying Dragon, …
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Evidence of Ming-Era Exploration In the Central Mississippi Valley The Geographical extent of the travels of Zheng He’s fleets have become a source of worldwide debate since the publication of Gavin Menzies’ controversial 1421,The Year China Discovered America. Our research, …
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New Zealand 1421 Group and current projects Do you have any evidence or any artefacts relating to the early people who visited and settled in New Zealand and their relationship to the Chinese dynasties of the 15th century?  Can you …
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Extraña enfermedad entre indígenas paeces (Cauca, Colombia)

El Golfo de Urabá en mapas precolombinos. View the maps: The Cantino world map The Waldseemüller map map

Planta que se encuentra en Nueva Zelanda y Colombia

ADN chino  japonés en Colombia y Venezuela View the map – The Cantino world map

Canal de la Raspadura (Atrato-San Juan) View the maps: The Cantino world map The Waldseemüller map map

Penetración y mestizaje por el río Atrato (ADN) View the maps: The Cantino world map The Waldseemüller map map

Note from reader concerning Native Americans Note Received 1.26.5 claregem@hotmail.com Hi I read Mr Menzies book it was very interesting. What i liked most is the Asian link to North America.We know that Asians are the first Americans and settled …
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My questions for Alaskans Here are some questions I have been introduced to lately relating to Alaska and possibily related to the travels of the Chinese. If you have any information or family traditions or stories, send them to me. …
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Alaska and the Bering Straits Local Support Do you have evidence of what may be the Chinese in Alaska before the gold rush era? Have you found some Chinese artifacts in Alaska or somewhere along the Bering Straits region? Does …
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New Zealand Update Summary This collection of evidence, from kumera sweet potatoes to canals, from art-work to human bones, shows the wealth and variety of information found that positively corroborates the evidence presented in 1421 – The Year China Discovered …
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New Zealand Radiocarbon Database Reports on pre-Maori Human Bones Conservancy: Southland Sample Description: Human bone carbonate – Lab No.   NZ0784 Human bone collagen –   Lab No.s  NZ0785 NZ0786 NZ0787 C.R.A. = Year Before Present Time (BP) with BP being 1950 Their …
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Shell sample found at Tahakopa Bay, New Zealand Report on Radiocarbon Age Determination for Wk-12872 Submitter: D I Bell Submitter””s Code: 5 Site & Location: Tahakopa Bay, New Zealand Sample Material: Pipi Physical Pretreatment: Surfaces cleaned. Washed in an ultrasonic …
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