DNA Evidence of Surui People of Amazonia, Solimoes/Rio Negro Junction
1. Principal DNA Report relied upon
(a) Title: Polymorphic Alu Insertions and the Asian Origin of Native American Populations.
(b) Authors: Gabriel E Novick and colleagues.
2. Précis of the Report’s findings
Close similarity between the Chinese and Native Americans suggests recent gene flow from Asia.
3. Corroboration or supporting DNA Reports
(i)
(ii)
4. Corroboration or supporting reports into ailments or diseases which suggest Chinese arrived by sea
(i) Tokelau and chimbere found in Amazonian people – tokelau a disease of S E Asia (Olympio Fonseca).
(ii) Hepatitis B prevalent.
(iii) Hookworm and roundworm prevalent.
(iv) Absence of Duffy blood groups.
(v) Lung fluke (Paragorimus westermani)
5. Did the first Europeans to reach the area in which the Surui people live find Chinese already there?
Friar Gaspar de Carvajal – “Men with pale skins”.
6. Other evidence showing links with China
(a) Principal
Diseases common to S E Asia but not to Americas found in Amazonian people who had been isolated from European contact for centuries.
Tokelau, hepatitis B and hookworm/roundworm could not be carried over Bering Straits on account of the cold. Heliobacta pylori (Dr Alan Leibowitz) ?
(b) Secondary links with China
(i) The site of Hatahara recently discovered at junction of rivers Negro and Solimoes indicates very old settlement.
(ii) Brazilian delegation reached China before Europeans reached Brazil and China (Professor Bi Quanzhong).
(iii) Brazil shown on maps before Columbus set sail and before Europeans reached Brazil – 1436 Andrea Bianco.
(iv) First Europeans (Orellana/Carvajal) found rice fields, banana and coconut plantations, frizzle fowl, black Melanotic, Asian jungle fowl, water buffalo – all indigenous to China/SE Asia.
(v) Subsequent finds of pre-European Chinese animals and artefacts – fulvous tree duck, jade at Amazon/Tapajos and Solimoes/Rio Negro junctions, Lago Sapakua, Lago de Faro.
7. Evidence in Synopsis of Evidence on website www.gavinmenzies.net
Paras 1-7, 10, 15, 16, 17. Annex X.
8. Reference in 1421 The Year China Discovered America
Pages 419-24.
